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Mr Greenwald, you write that Holder pardoned Rich to curry favour with Quinn and play the beltway game. The NYT suggests another factor (from today's article by Lichtblau and Johnson):
Minutes later, Mr. Holder received a call from Beth Nolan, the White House counsel, who had opposed the pardon idea and was surprised to hear that Mr. Holder apparently felt differently.
Mr. Holder, according to Ms. Nolan’s testimony, told her that if the Israelis were in fact pushing for the pardon, he would find that “persuasive” and would be “neutral leaning toward” favorable.